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Scientists have discovered all five essential nucleobases used in DNA and RNA in pristine samples from asteroid Ryugu, revealing that key ingredients for life existed in space billions of years ago. The remarkable finding adds to growing evidence from other asteroids and meteorites that these molecules were widespread throughout the early Solar System.
ScienceDailyRead article →A surprising new discovery suggests that fear may cause the brain to blur the line between danger and safety rather than distinguish them more clearly. By observing brain activity in mice using augmented reality, scientists found that memories of threatening and harmless environments began to overlap, potentially allowing faster responses to danger.
ScienceDailyRead article →A nearly 50-year-old mystery involving disappearing frogs in Brazil may finally be solved, with scientists uncovering evidence that a deadly fungus swept through the region and devastated vulnerable species. Remarkably, many frog populations have since rebounded, suggesting they developed greater tolerance to the disease that once threatened their survival.
ScienceDailyRead article →A massive new study reveals that intelligence plays a surprisingly limited role in children's reading success, while visual processing showed no meaningful connection at all. Instead, the strongest predictors are sound recognition, vocabulary, and background knowledge, offering new clues about how to help struggling readers.
ScienceDailyRead article →Europe’s Hera spacecraft has captured its first clear view of two asteroids involved in NASA’s historic 2022 experiment to redirect a potentially dangerous space rock. Now approaching the pair, Hera will investigate the mysterious aftermath of the collision and uncover why the asteroid shifted far more than scientists predicted.
ScienceDailyRead article →Consumers often protect their sentimentally valuable possessions by storing them away, which precludes them from being used. Across five studies, research from the University of Missouri-St. Louis and the University of Oregon shows that usage of sentimentally valuable objects increases their sentimental value.
Phys.org ResearchRead article →People experiencing unsheltered homelessness in Salt Lake City face hours of dangerous daytime heat and hot nights that offer little relief, according to a University of Utah study. Researchers also found that tree shade helps people feel measurably cooler, making it a critical resource for those without access to shelter.
Phys.org ResearchRead article →Diabetes and weight-loss medications may have economic effects beyond health care spending, according to new research from NYU Abu Dhabi. Using population-wide data from Denmark, the study found that diabetes treatment caused an increased likelihood of employment, while weight-management treatment caused longer working hours among people already employed.
Phys.org ResearchRead article →A survey of 50,000 people across 92 countries finds global mental health may be languishing, including in the wealthiest countries, and especially among young people, who in previous generations had comparatively higher levels of mental health.
Phys.org ResearchRead article →Astronomers using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have confirmed a massive, dust-rich galaxy called Leviathan in the early universe. Seen when the universe was roughly 1.5 billion years old, the galaxy has its stars spread out rather than in a concentrated fashion. A paper, describing its strange stellar distribution, was posted to the arXiv preprint server on Oct. 19.
Phys.org ResearchRead article →For animals that can produce vocalizations, choosing to emit a sound involves various neural processes. For instance, it entails controlling when to emit a sound and how loud and high-pitched the sound will be, while also adaptively switching between vocalizations and other behaviors in response to changing circumstances.
Phys.org ResearchRead article →Drought and extreme heat do not always occur separately. When they coincide, their combined effects can place greater pressure on water resources, agriculture, ecosystems, energy systems and public health.
Phys.org ResearchRead article →Fires in the U.S. are getting faster, larger and more dangerous, but people continue to develop and move into fire-prone regions. New research from the University of Colorado Boulder's Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) shows that if we don't act on climate change, which fuels fires, manage vegetation or transform how we build and adapt to fire, the risk to structures in the U.S.
Phys.org ResearchRead article →arXiv:2611.01180v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We show that encoding superconducting qubits as dual-rail or spin-locked transmons lets a metamaterial waveguide couple them all-to-all while suppressing the spurious entanglement that burdens shared-mode architectures, a step toward the non-local connectivity that quantum low-density parity-check codes require.
arXiv QuantumRead article →arXiv:2611.01163v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study the problem of estimating the quantum divergence with $p$-power means, $\Phi_p(\rho\,\|\,\sigma)$. This quantity was investigated by Lam and Le (\textit{Linear Algebra Appl.}\ 2021).
arXiv QuantumRead article →arXiv:2611.01079v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurate measurement of reduced density matrices (RDMs) is central to quantum simulations of many-fermion systems, but the required measurement resources remain a significant challenge. Constrained shadow tomography (CST) combines randomized measurements with $N$-representability conditions to reconstruct physically valid RDMs from limited measurement data.
arXiv QuantumRead article →arXiv:2611.01027v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We develop a conic-programming framework for multiparameter estimation of quantum processes under different classes of sensing strategies. Estimation precision depends on the choice of input probe state and measurement and, when a channel is used multiple times, on the arrangement of channel uses and intermediate controls.
arXiv QuantumRead article →arXiv:2611.00985v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We develop normal factor graph (NFG) representations of stabilizer quantum error-correcting codes and entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting codes. We introduce two complementary representations.
arXiv QuantumRead article →arXiv:2611.00934v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Single-mode squeezing of the electromagnetic vacuum is a key resource for mode-selective noise reduction in quantum measurements. At microwave frequencies, single-mode squeezing is typically obtained by using Josephson and Traveling-Wave Parametric Amplifiers designed for three-wave mixing operation.
arXiv QuantumRead article →arXiv:2611.00931v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We characterize the exact error-exponent trade-off in binary quantum hypothesis testing with a rejection option for faithful states on a finite-dimensional Hilbert space. The probabilities of rejection under the two hypotheses are required to vanish exponentially, with exponents at least $K$ and $L$.
arXiv QuantumRead article →arXiv:2611.00902v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study a symmetry-restoration quantum Mpemba effect in the dissipative Dicke model as an example of a weakly $\mathbb Z_2$-symmetric open quantum system, where the full Liouvillian is parity covariant although individual quantum jumps connect the two Hilbert-space parity sectors.
arXiv QuantumRead article →arXiv:2611.00885v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: When a variational quantum classifier performs poorly at detecting network attacks, it is hard to tell which part is to blame: the encoding, the trained circuit or the readout, which turns measurements into a class.
arXiv QuantumRead article →arXiv:2611.00878v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Quantum batteries promise faster and more efficient energy storage and extraction by harnessing quantum mechanics, serving as essential building blocks for future quantum devices. A key practical requirement-unidirectional energy flow during charging-is straightforward in classical batteries via potential difference, yet remains a major challenge in the quantum regime…
arXiv QuantumRead article →arXiv:2611.00874v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Correction-free teleportation protocols offer a probabilistic route around the limits imposed by the quantum no-programming theorem, but have remained largely theoretical. Here, we experimentally implement and benchmark correction-free multicopy teleportation on noisy superconducting quantum hardware.
arXiv QuantumRead article →