SPAM-robust learnability of quantum dynamics

arXiv:2611.05561v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurate characterization of quantum dynamics is essential for the calibration and control of quantum devices. Unknown state preparation and measurement (SPAM) errors, however, introduce gauge ambiguities that limit what can be learned. A central question is therefore which properties are learnable despite SPAM errors, and whether physical structure in the dynamics can restrict these ambiguities and expand the set of learnable properties. In this work, we address both questions within a unified framework for quantum channels and continuous-time evolution.